ĝenu-1, ĝneu- (*ĝḫneu-)

    ĝenu-1, ĝneu- (*ĝḫneu-)

    English meaning: knee, joint

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “Knie, Ecke, Winkel”

    Grammatical information: n. inflection ĝonu, ĝenu̯és, ĝnubhís etc.; besides ein n-stem according to O.Ind. jǘ nunī “die beiden knee” and Gk. γόνατος etc. from ĝonun̯ -̥

    Note: Root ĝenu-1, ĝneu- : “knee, joint” derived from Root ĝen-1, ĝenǝ-, ĝnē-, ĝnō- : “to bear”. (the euphemism of lower part of te body) ĝenu-1 < ĝneu- in centum languages as Lat.-Illyr. preferred the order consonant + vowel.

    Material: O.Ind. jǘ nu n. “knee”, pehl. zünūk, Pers. zünū “knee”; Av. acc. sg. žnūm, dat. abl. pl. žnubyō; O.Ind. jñu-bǘ dh- “die Knie beugend”, abhi-jñú “bis ans Knie”, pra-jñu-ḥ ‘säbelbeinig”, Av. fra-šnu- “die Knie after vorn holding “ (:Gk. *πρό-γνυ); Arm. cunr “knee” (r-extension to old u-stem *ĝō̆nu-), pl. cunk-k”, gen. cng-ac̣ with gextension (*ĝon-g-o-, compare γνύ-ξ); Gk. γόνυ, gen. (Hom.) γουνός (*ĝonu̯ós), pl. γοῦνα, Eol. γόνα “knee” (compare also γευνῶν γονάτων Hes.), besides gen. sg. γούνατος (for *γονFανος); lengthened grade γωνία “point, edge” (*γωνFία), zero grade (compare under πρόχνυ) γνυ-πετεῖν “in die Knie sinken”, γνύξ “auf die Knie”, ἰγνύ̄η (besides ἰγνύς, Specht KZ. 59, 220) “ popliteus “ (*εγγνύᾱ, -γνύς); πρόχνυ “with vorgestrecktem Knie” steht II. 570 for *πρόγνυ (= O.Ind. pra-jñú-ḥ); Lat. genū, -ūs “knee”, geniculum “knee, knot an Pflanzen, angle “;

    Note: Maybe Old Irish glūn “knee” < Alb. gluni, gjuni “knee” [ Goth. kniu n., O.H.G. etc. knio, kneo (*kniwa-, IE *ĝneu̯o-) “knee” (O.N. knē also from knot am straw, as O.E. cneoweht “knotty, from Pflanzen”; Lat. geniculum also knot an Getreidehalmen; but Lat. genista is Etruscan); an extension with Gmc. t in oberschles. knutzen “auf den Knien hocken” and perhaps in Goth. knussjan “knien”, kniwam knussjands “in die Knie zusammenknickend”, if auf a tu-stem *knussus from this verb *knutjan “being based on”; Illyr. FlN Genusus, unterItal. PN Genusia, Messap. PN tri-gonoχoa , ligur. PN Genua, adjekt. derivative Genava “Genf”; Toch. A kanweṃ, В kenīne Dual. “die knee”; Hitt. gi-e-nu (genu) “knee”. Maybe Alb.Gheg glu-ni, Tosc glu-ri (Gheg), gju-ri (Tosc) “knee”, pl. gjunj- “knees”: O.Ir. glūn “knee” (see Root gel-1 : “to curl; round”), (with IE *ĝenu- “knee” barely as dissimilation form compatible to *ĝnū-n- because of the Guttural difference); [conservative singular definite form (Alb. phonetic trait)]

    Note: Hitt. gi-e-nu (genu) “knee” : Alb.Gheg (gleʷni ) gluni “knee” common Alb. ĝh- > gl- > gj- : lith. ĝh- > dz- phonetic mutation] prove the existence of the old laryngeal (*ĝḫneu-).

    References: WP. I 586 f., WH. I 592 f., Schwyzer Gk. I 463, 518.